3D Multimedia Laptop - TOSHIBA

Toshiba India introduce a powerful entertainment laptop with 3D playback capabilities. Equipped with Nvdia 3D vision technology. 

The new laptop is ready to deliver a stereoscopic 3D experience to games, movies and more.

Price: 80,837

Website: www.toshiba-india.com/laptop

Masking in Flash Part 2:

Some example on masking......

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Preemptable and Nonpreemptable Resource - OS

Resources

Deadlocks can occur when processes have been granted exclusive access to devices, files and so forth. To make the discussion of deadlocks as general as possible, we will refer to the objects granted as resources. A resources can be a hardware device (e.g. , a tape drive) or a piece of information (e.g., a locked record in the database). A computer will normally have many different resources that can be acquire. A resourece is anything that can be used by only a single process at any instant of time.  

·         Preemptable and  Nonpreemptable Resource 

Resources come in two types: Preemptable and Nonpreemptable. A Preemptable resource is one that can be taken away from the process owning it with no ill effects.  

Memory is an example of a Preemptable resource. Consider, for example, a system with 32 MB of user memory, one printer, and two 32-MB processes that each want to print something. Process A request and gets the printer, then start to compute the values to print. Before it has finished with the computation, it exceeds its time quantum and is swapped out.

            Process B now runs and tires, unsuccessfully, to acquire the printer. Potentially, we now have a deadlock situation, because A has the printer and B has the memory, and neither can proceed without the resource held by the other. Fortunately, it is possible to preempt (take away) the memory from B by swapping it out and swapping A in.  Now A can run, do its printing, and then release the printer. No deadlock occurs.

A Nonpreemptable resource, in contrast is one that cannot be taken away from its current owner without causing the computation to fail. If a process has begun to burn a CD-ROM, suddenly taking the CD recorder away from it and giving it to another process will result in a garbled CD. CD recorders are not Preemptable at an arbitrary moment.  

Masking in Flash

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(C) Technology Stuff: At present 2 Upcoming

STEPS TO FOLLOW

Inserting Layers and Naming them

• By default you will have a layer in your timeline window. Insert one more layer, totally you need two layers to mask an object.
• Rename the top layer to "Mask" and the layer below that to "background".

Creating Shape Tween

• Import your picture to the "background" layer.
• Using Oval tool from your tool box, draw a circle in your "Mask" layer and delete it's border.
• Drag the circle to one end of your picture.
• Now go to"frame 40" of your "Mask" layer and press "F6" to insert a new keyframe.
• Now go to "frame 40" of your "background" layer and press "F5" to insert frames, so that your background image is available all through your mask.
• Select "frame 40" of your "Mask" layer, that is your new keyframe, Keeping the playhead on "frame 40" of "Mask" layer, drag the circle to other end of your picture.
• Now go back to "frame 1" of your "Mask" layer, keeping the playhead on "frame 1" of your "Mask" layer, select Shape tween in your properties window.
  

Masking

• Right click on the "Mask" layer (the area where you named the layer not where the frames exist) and select Mask.

Your Mask is all ready. Press Ctrl+Enter to view your Mask.

Deadlocks - (Operating System)

DEADLOCKS

            Computer systems are full of resources that can only be used by one process at a time. Common examples include printer, tape drives, and slots in the system’s internal tables. Having two processes simultaneously writing to the printer leads to gibberish. Having two processes using the same file system table slot will invariably lead to a corrupted file system.

For many applications, a process needs exclusive access to not one resource, but several. Suppose, for example, two processes each want to record a scanned document on a CD. Process A requests permission to use the scanner and is granted it.  Process B is programmed differently and the request CD recorder first and is also granted it. Now A asks the CD recorder, but request is denied until B releases it. Unfortunately, instead of releasing for CD recorder B asks for the scanner. At this point both processes are blocked and will remain so forever. This situation called a deadlock.

 

            Deadlock can also occur across machines. For example, many offices have local area network with many computer connected to it. Often devices such as scanner, CD recorders, printer and tape drives are connected to the network as shared resources, available to any user on the machine. If these devices can be reserve remotely, the same kind of deadlocks can occur as described above. More complicated situation can cause deadlock involving three, four or more devices and users.

Process Scheduling Algorithms

The process Scheduler relies on a process scheduling algorithm, based on a specific policy, to allocate the CPU and move jobs through the system. Early operating system non preemptive policies designed to move batch jobs through the system as efficiency as possible. Most current system, with their emphasis on interactive use and response time, use an algorithm that takes care of the immediate requests of interactive users. CPU scheduling deals with this problem of deciding which of the processes in the ready queue is to be allocated the CPU.

Preemptive scheduling is more useful in high priority process which requires immediate response. For example in Real Time Operating System the consequences of missing one interrupt could be dangerous. 

First Come First Served Scheduling (FCFS)

It is simplest CPU scheduling algorithm. With this scheme, the process that requests the CPU first is allocated the CPU first. The implementation of FCFS policy is easily managed with a FIFO queue. When a process enters in a ready queue, its PCB is linked onto the tail of the queue. When the CPU is free, it is allocated to the process at the head of the queue. The running process is then removed from the queue. The code for the FCFS scheduling is simple to write and understand.

In a strictly FCFS system there are no WAIT queues (each job is run to completion), although there may be systems in which control (context) is switched on a natural wait (I/O request) and then the job resumes on I/O completion.

Process                       Burst Time

P1                                           12

P2                                           6

P3                                           7

P1

P2

P3

       0                                                               12                                    18                                                            25

The waiting time is 0 millisecond for process P1, 12 milliseconds for process P2, and 18 milliseconds for process P3. Thus the average waiting time is (0 + 12 + 18)/3 = 10 milliseconds.

Avg. Waiting Time = 0 + 12 + 18 / 3 = 10 milliseconds

First Steps with Embedded Systems

This book is intended to fill the need for an intermediate level overview of programming microcontrollers using the C programming language. It is aimed specifically at two groups of readers who have different, yet overlapping needs. The first group are familiar with C but require an examination of the general nature of microcontrollers: what they are, how they behave and how best to use the C language to program them.


The second group are familiar with microcontrollers but are new to the C programming language and wish to use C for microcontroller development projects.

First Steps with Embedded Systems will be useful both as an introduction to microcontroller programming for intermediate level post-secondary programs and as a uide for developers coping with the growth and change of the microcontroller industry.


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Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems

The demands of increasingly complex embedded systems and associated performance computations have resulted in the development of heterogeneous computing architectures that often integrate several types of processors, analog and digital electronic components, and mechanical and optical components—all on a single chip. As a result, now the most prominent challenge for the design automation community is to efficiently plan for such heterogeneity and to fully exploit its capabilities.

A compilation of work from internationally renowned authors, Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems elaborates on related practices and addresses the main facets of heterogeneous Model-Based Design for embedded systems, including the current state of the art, important challenges, and the latest trends. Focusing on computational models as the core design artifact, this book presents the cutting-edge results that have helped establish Model-Based Design and continue to expand its parameters.
The book is organized into three sections: Real-Time and Performance Analysis in Heterogeneous Embedded Systems, Design Tools and Methodology for Multiprocessor System-on-Chip, and Design Tools and Methodology for Multidomain Embedded Systems. The respective contributors share their considerable expertise on the automation of design refinement and how to relate properties throughout this refinement while enabling analytic and synthetic qualities. They focus on multi-core methodological issues, real-time analysis, and modeling and validation, taking into account how optical, electronic, and mechanical components often interface.
Model-Based Design is emerging as a solution to bridge the gap between the availability of computational capabilities and our inability to make full use of them yet. This approach enables teams to start the design process using a high-level model that is gradually refined through abstraction levels to ultimately yield a prototype. When executed well, Model-Based Design encourages enhanced performance and quicker time to market for a product. Illustrating a broad and diverse spectrum of applications such as in the automotive aerospace, health care, consumer electronics, this volume provides designers with practical, readily adaptable modeling solutions for their own practice.

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SCHEDULING CRITERIA

·         CPU Utilization

We want to keep the CPU as busy as possible. CPU utilization may range from 0 to 100 percent. In a real time operating system, it should range from 40 percent (for a lightly loaded system) to 90 percent (for a heavily used system). Maximum utilization of CPU can be done if all processes are CPU bound. Round Robin is best example for CPU utilization.

·         Throughput

If the CPU is busy in executing processes, then work is being done. Throughput is the amount of work that the system is able to do per unit time. It is measured as the number of processes that are complicated by the system per unit time. For example, n processes are complicated in an interval of t second; the throughput is taken as n/t processes per second during that interval. Throughput is normally measured in processes/hour. Note that value of throughput does not depend only on the capabilities of a system, but also nature of jobs being processes by the system. For long processes, throughput may be one process/hour; and for short processes, throughput may be 100 processes/hour. There must be maximum number of processes in a short time.      

·         Turnaround Time

From the point of view of a particular process, the important criterion is how long it takes to execute that processes. The interval from the time of submission of a process to the time of completion is the turnaround time. Turnaround time is the sum of the Periods spent waiting to get into memory, waiting in the ready queue, executing on the CPU, and doing I/O. Turnaround time must be less.

·         Waiting Time

The CPU scheduling algorithm does not affect the amount of time during which a process executes or does I/O; it affects only the amount of time that a process spends waiting in the ready queue. Waiting time is the sum of the period spent waiting in the ready queue.

·         Response Time

In the interactive system, turnaround time may not be the criterion. Often, a process can produce some output fairly early and can computing new results while previous results are being output to the users. Thus, another measure is the time from submission of a request until the first response is produced.  This measure, called response time.

Bill Gates House

Ordered List (Numbered List)

 

Output:

               
1. BCA
                  
2. MCA
                  
3. MscIT
                  
4. M.Tech (Computer Science)

               

RGB Color Combination

Zeitgeist 2010: Year in Review

Apple G5 super computer

Magento 1.3 PHP Developer's Guide

Magento is the most powerful e-commerce solution around and has gained popularity in a short period of time. You can create and manage online stores using the extensive suite of powerful tools it offers. However, because of its powerful features, developing with Magento can be easier said than done.

This book will show you how to develop better and do more with the Magento. You will be able to extend and customize modules for the Magento system without editing the core system code. It will show you how to create both basic and advanced functionality modules for your store and help you turn your ideas for extending Magento into reality by building modules from scratch.

This book starts by walking you through the server requirements for installing Magento making sure Magneto's installation and upgrade process can fit into your workflow and suit your hosting environment setup. Then it runs through the architecture behind Magento's system, covering the core file structure and how the template system works. You'll also learn how to build a basic shipping module, payment module, and a brand management module for Magento. As you delve deeper into the book you will learn how to integrate your favorite CMS into Magento for data portability.

By the end of the book you will be able to take your basic knowledge of Magento and turn it into something advanced that will help you develop turn your ideas for extending Magento into reality.

Learn how to develop with the next generation of e-commerce system, Magento.

What you will learn from this book :

* Install and upgrade Magento to get ready for development

* Get familiar with the architecture and internal structure of Magento

* Learn about the best modules available and what they can do for you out of the box

* Build a Shipping module for your Magento store to give users options for receiving their items once they have paid for them

* Create a payment method for Magento and the various aspects that go together to complete the payment process

* Speed up your module creation process using the Module Creator script

* Build a basic brand-management module for Magento to manage brands and display their details

* Integrate your favorite CMS into Magento including a walkthrough of integrating Wordpress into Magento

* Create, update, delete, and retrieve customer data from within Magento by implementing the customer API

* Integrate Magento data into an existing external web application or script using the Magento Core API

* Import/export files to retrieve and store information from and to external sources using Excel Spreadsheet or CSV data

Chapter 1: Magento: Developer's Guide

Chapter 2: Installing/Upgrading Magento and Preparing for Development

Chapter 3: Magento's Architecture

Chapter 4: Building a Shipping Module for Magento

Chapter 5: Building a Payment Method for Magento

Chapter 6: Basic Modules to Extend Magento's Functionality

Chapter 7: Fully Featured Module with Administration Panel

Chapter 8: Integration of a Third-Party CMS

Chapter 9: Magento's Core API

Chapter 10: Importing and Exporting Data

Chapter 11: Appendix A - Resources for Further Learning

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OCR (Optical Character Recognition)

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is a process of converting printed materials into text or word processing files that can be easily edited and stored. The technology has enabled such materials to be stored using much less storage space than the hard copy materials. OCR technology has made a huge impact on the way information is stored, shared and edited. Prior to optical character recognition, if someone wanted to turn a book into a word processing file, each page would have to be typed word for word.

OCR (optical character recognition) is the recognition of printed or written text characters by a computer. This involves photoscanning of the text character-by-character, analysis of the scanned-in image, and then translation of the character image into character codes, such as ASCII, commonly used in data processing.


Applications of Optical Character Recognition

• Personal digital assistant (PDA)
• Digital camcorder
• Data acquisition systems
• KVM switch
• Laser printer
• Flatbed scanner
• Digital camera
• Data logger
• CCD image sensors
• Electronic dictionary
• Touch screen monitor
• Security camera
• Barcode scanner
• Signal converters
• CMOS image sensor
• Computer speakers
• USB connector
• Machine vision system
• Wireless keyboard
• Video phone
• Analog to digital converter
• Computer cables
• Handheld document scanner
• Spectrum analyzer
• Computer cases
• Fax machine
• Digital oscilloscope
• Pressure sensor
• Inkjet printer
• PIN & avalanche photodiode
• USB cable
• Color laser printer
• Load cell
• RFID reader
• Computer mouse
• USB hub
• Fingerprint scanner, fingerprint reader
• Digital filter
• Desktop, laptop computer keyboard
• Business card scanner
• PCMCIA PC card
• Digital to analog converter
• Memory card: Compact Flash, Memory Stick, SD card
• Laptop docking station
• Label printer
• Wireless telemetry system
• SCSI cables
• Multifunction (all in one) printer
• Data recorder
• Optical mouse
• Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS)
• Portable barcode printer
• Strip chart recorder
• Tablet PC
• Large format printer
• Thermal printer
• CompactPCI system

Seeds Vs Peers

Seeds vs Peers

Torrents have become the newest and best among the file sharing networks. With torrents, there is no centralized servers where the files can be downloaded from. Instead, the files are copied from other users who have portions of the file or the entirety. Seeds are basically copies of the entire file that has been placed so that other downloaders have a source. Peers are the people who are also downloading the file. They may already have portions of the file or none at all.

In general, the number of seeds and peers are directly correlated to how fast you can download a file. The more seeds mean that you can download files much faster since you have more sources to concurrently download from. With peers, it’s the opposite. More peers mean that there are more people who are competing for the bandwidth provided by all the seeders. Although peers may be downloading the file, they may also offset the download bandwidth that they consume because other people can also download the sections of the files that they already have, thereby alleviating the consumption of the bandwidth of the seeders. But as an overall rule, a torrent with more seeders than peers will have better speeds than a torrent with fewer seeders than peers.

Whether a person is a peer or a seeder does not always stay fixed as you become a seeder right after you finish downloading. Seeding is a practice that is greatly encouraged in the file sharing community as it not only allows other people to download, it also makes it a lot faster for everyone else. Seeds would not really impact you that much as it does not take-up any downstream bandwidth, only the upstream. You can also limit the upstream bandwidth that your torrent software takes so that you do not experience any problem with real-time software like VoIP and online games.

Lastly, take note of the copyrights that are associated with the materials that you are downloading. Copyright infringement is a crime punishable by law. And the penalties can be very heavy. Anything that you need to pay for is usually copyrighted and downloading them for free is something to avoid.

Summary:

1. Seeds are complete copies of the file wile peers are those who are still downloading the file

2. More seeds mean faster than downloads while more peers mean slower downloads

3. Peers who do not remove the file after downloading it becomes seeders

Wiley - Wrox Expert PHP and MySQL - 2010

Best practices and expert techniques for today's most demanding apps

As the world's most popular, general purpose, open source scripting language, PHP is frequently used with MySQL to create high-traffic, mission-critical applications. This indispensable book shares proven, author-tested best practices and expert techniques that can be applied to even the most demanding MySQL-driven PHP apps. You'll explore ways to extend MySQL with user-defined functions, write PHP extensions, and solve problems when PHP and MySQL alone are not enough and other techniques or third-party tools are necessary.

Expert PHP and MySQL:

* Reviews essential techniques, such as design patterns, complex queries, and advanced regular expression

* Addresses advanced PHP concepts, such as iterators and closures

* Demonstrates using Gearman for multitasking in your web applications

* Discusses caching using memcached with MySQL and your PHP web applications

* Discusses ways to create PHP Extensions and MySQL User Defined Functions

* Shows how to use Sphinx for search functionality in your PHP web applications

Wrox Expert books present the wisdom accumulated by an experienced author team who is recognized as experts by the programming community. These experts challenge professional developers to examine their current practices in pursuit of better results.

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McGraw Hill Mac OS X Leopard QuickSteps

Step-by-Step, Full-Color Graphics!

Get started using Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard right away--the QuickSteps way. Color screenshots and clear instructions show you how to use all the new and improved features available in this revolutionary operating system. Follow along and learn to customize your desktop, organize and store files, use email and Web applications, and add hardware and software. You'll also get tips for enjoying photos, music, and movies, setting up a wired or wireless network, and securing your system. Get the book that gets you up-and-running on Mac OS X Leopard in no time.

Use these handy guideposts:
* Shortcuts for accomplishing common tasks
* Need-to-know facts in concise narrative
* Helpful reminders or alternate ways of doing things
* Bonus information related to the topic being covered
* Errors and pitfalls to avoid

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QUE MAC OS X Snow Leopard in Depth

Advice and techniques that you need to get the job done.

Looking for ways to streamline your work so that you can focus on maximizing your
time? In Depth provides specific, tested, and proven solutions to the problems you run
into every day–things other books ignore or oversimplify. This is the one book that you
can rely on to answer all the questions you have now and will have in the future.





In Depth offers:

* Comprehensive coverage with detailed solutions
* Breakthrough techniques and shortcuts that are unavailable elsewhere
* Practical, real-world examples with nothing glossed over or left out
* Troubleshooting help for tough problems you can’t fix on your own
* Outstanding authors recognized worldwide for their expertise and teaching style
* Quick information via sidebars, tips, reminders, notes, and warnings
* In Depth is the only tool you need to get more done in less time!

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iPod touch

Features:

 

FaceTime on iPod touch lets you hang out, catch up, and goof off with friends in an entirely new way. With just a tap, you can see what your friends are up to — literally. Witness a prank in action. Or watch your friend on the other side of the country crack up at your stories from last night — new iPod touch to new iPod touch or iPhone 4 over Wi-Fi. And all you need to get started is an Apple ID and an email account. You can choose an email account you already have or, if you prefer, set up a new one. You’ll never see fun the same way again. 

The Retina display on iPod touch brings out the awesome in anything on it. That’s because it’s the highest-resolution iPod screen ever, with four times the pixel count of previous iPod models. In fact, there are so many pixels, the human eye can’t distinguish individual ones. Which makes graphics and images stunningly sharp, and text amazingly crisp. Just like the printed page.

“You should have seen it!” is a thing of the past. Because with iPod touch, you’ll always have a great HD video camera with you. Say you’re at a party and you see someone popping and locking. You’re ready to capture the moment in all its glory. In high-definition 720p video. You can record video in low-light settings, thanks to the advanced backside illumination sensor. You can even edit and create your own mini blockbuster right on iPod touch using the new iMovie app — with Apple-designed themes, titles, and transitions. It’s available on the App Store for $4.99.

It’s time to make a game plan. The new Game Center app on iPod touch lets you add more players to your gaming network. Invite friends to join. Then totally dominate them. Take a look at how your score ranks against your friends and other players of each game. Compare game achievements with your friends. Put together a select group of friends to play with. Or choose to automatically go up against people you don’t know in a multiplayer game. So get in the game. And get your friends in it, too.

With iPod touch, you don’t just play your music. You hear it, and see it, in entirely different ways. Let Genius search your library and automatically create a mix just for you. Or give Genius playlist a go, and Genius will use a song you really love to find other tracks from your library that go great with it. You can also view album art in Cover Flow. Or shake to shuffle for a fresh take on your music library.

Your favorite movies and TV shows are now playing on a subway train or plane near you. Because you can buy movies and TV shows, or just rent them, right on iPod touch. Shop the iTunes Store and choose from thousands of must-see titles to fill your iPod touch. Then watch them on the amazing 3.5-inch color widescreen Retina display.

Pioneering technology built into iPod touch is how you’re able to flick, tap, and pinch. It’s what makes a racing game feel so real. It’s why you’re able to see a friend crack up at your jokes from across the globe. And it’s the reason iPod touch is the most incredible iPod you’ll ever own.

Looks can be amazing.

iPod touch has an all-new design that makes it the thinnest, lightest, most amazing iPod touch ever. Holding one is all the proof you need. With its curved design, iPod touch is now a mere 7.2 millimeters thin. Its engineered glass front and stainless steel back feel sleek and smooth in your hand. Turn it on, and you're instantly blown away by the brilliant Retina display. iPod touch is the perfect combination of stunning design and revolutionary technology — brilliant from the outside in.

Retina display. A blast from the future.

There are lots of reasons you won’t want to take your eyes off the new iPod touch. The 960-by-640 backlit LCD display, for one. It packs 326 pixels per inch, making it the highest-resolution iPod screen ever. To achieve this, Apple engineers developed pixels so small — a mere 78 micrometers across — that the human eye can’t distinguish individual pixels. Even though you can’t see them, you’ll definitely notice the difference. Text is remarkably sharp and graphics are incredibly vivid.

Apple A4 processor. More power to you.

The Apple A4 chip is behind, or rather underneath, all the fun you can have on iPod touch. Apple engineers designed the A4 chip to be a remarkably powerful yet remarkably power-efficient mobile processor. With it, iPod touch can easily perform complex jobs such as multitasking, editing video, and placing FaceTime calls. All while maximizing battery life. And fun.

Gyro + Accelerometer. Smooth moves.

iPod touch just learned some new moves. It now includes a built-in three-axis gyroscope. When paired with the accelerometer, the gyro makes iPod touch capable of advanced motion sensing such as user acceleration, full 3D attitude, and rotation rate. Translation: More motion gestures and greater precision for an even better gaming experience.

Two Cameras. Double the fun.

iPod touch captures video with two built-in cameras. It shoots amazing HD 720p video from the back camera. And with its advanced backside illumination sensor, it captures beautiful footage even in low-light settings. All while the built-in microphone records conversations, music, or any audio at the same time. And on the front of iPod touch, the built-in camera is perfect for making FaceTime calls¹ and shooting self-portraits. It’s surprising how much fun can fit into something so small.

Multi-Touch.
Control at your fingertips.

When you put your finger on iPod touch, how does it just start doing what you want it to do? It’s a chain reaction, really. The Multi-Touch display layers a protective shield over a capacitive panel that senses your touch using electrical fields. It then transmits that information to the Retina display below it. So you can glide through albums with Cover Flow, flick through photos and enlarge them with a pinch, zoom in and out on a section of a web page, and control game elements precisely.

Size and weight

Height:

4.4 inches (111.0 mm)

Width:

2.3 inches (58.9 mm)

Depth:

0.28 inch (7.2 mm)

Weight:

3.56 ounces (101 grams)¹

Capacity

• 8GB, 32GB or 64GB flash drive²

Wireless

• 802.11b/g/n Wi-Fi (802.11n 2.4GHz only)
• Bluetooth^® 2.1 + EDR
• Maps-location based service
• Nike + iPod support built in

Environmental Status Report

iPod touch embodies Apple’s continuing environmental progress. It is designed with the following features to reduce environmental impact:

• Arsenic-free display glass
• Brominated flame retardant-free
• Mercury-free LCD display
• PVC-free
• Recyclable stainless steel enclosure
• Smaller, more compact packaging (17% smaller, 16% lighter)

Display

• 3.5-inch (diagonal) widescreen
  Multi-Touch display
• 960-by-640-pixel resolution at 326 pixels per inch

Audio

• Frequency response: 20Hz to 20,000Hz
• Audio formats supported: AAC (8 to 320 Kbps), Protected AAC (from iTunes Store), HE-AAC, MP3 (8 to 320 Kbps), MP3 VBR, Audible (formats 2, 3, 4, Audible Enhanced Audio, AAX, and AAX+), Apple Lossless, AIFF, and WAV
• User-configurable maximum volume limit

Headphones

• Earphones
• Frequency response: 20Hz to 20,000Hz
• Impedance: 32 ohms

TV and video

• H.264 video up to 720p, 30 frames per second, Main Profile level 3.1 with AAC-LC audio up to 160 Kbps, 48kHz, stereo audio in .m4v, .mp4, and .mov file formats
• MPEG-4 video, up to 2.5 Mbps, 640 by 480 pixels, 30 frames per second, Simple Profile with AAC-LC audio up to 160 Kbps per channel, 48kHz, stereo audio in .m4v, .mp4, and .mov file formats
• Motion JPEG (M-JPEG) up to 35 Mbps, 1280 by 720 pixels, 30 frames per second, audio in ulaw, PCM stereo audio in .avi file format
• Support for 1024 by 768 pixels with Dock Connector to VGA Adapter; 576p and 480p with Apple Component AV Cable; 576i and 480i with Apple Composite AV Cable (cables sold separately)

Languages

Localized UI

• English (U.S.), English (UK), French (France), German, Traditional Chinese, Simplified Chinese, Dutch, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese (Brazil), Portuguese (Portugal), Danish, Swedish, Finnish, Norwegian, Korean, Japanese, Russian, Polish, Turkish, Ukrainian, Hungarian, Arabic, Thai, Czech, Greek, Hebrew, Indonesian, Malay, Romanian, Slovak, Croatian, Catalan, and Vietnamese

Localized Keyboards

• English (U.S.), English (UK), French (France), French (Canadian), French (Switzerland), German, Traditional Chinese (Handwriting, Pinyin, Zhuyin, Cangjie, Wubihua), Simplified Chinese (Handwriting, Pinyin, Wubihua), Dutch, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese (Brazil), Portuguese (Portugal), Danish, Swedish, Finnish, Norwegian, Korean, Japanese (Romaji, Ten Key), Japanese (Kana), Russian, Polish, Turkish, Ukrainian, Estonian, Hungarian, Icelandic, Lithuanian, Latvian, Flemish, Arabic, Thai, Czech, Greek, Hebrew, Indonesian, Malay, Romanian, Slovak, Croatian, Bulgarian, Serbian (Cyrillic/Latin), Catalan, Vietnamese, Tibetan, Macedonian, and Cherokee

Localized Dictionaries

• English (U.S.), English (UK), French, German, Traditional Chinese, Simplified Chinese, Dutch, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese (Brazil), Portuguese (Portugal), Danish, Swedish, Finnish, Norwegian, Korean, Japanese (Romaji), Japanese (Kana), Russian, Polish, Turkish, Ukrainian, Hungarian, Lithuanian, Flemish, Arabic, Thai, Czech, Greek, Hebrew, Indonesian, Malaysian, Romanian, Slovak, Croatian, Catalan, Vietnamese, and Cherokee

Cameras, photos, and video

• Video recording, HD (720p) up to 30 frames per second with audio; still photos (960 x 720) with back camera
• VGA-quality photos and video up to 30 frames per second with the front camera
• Tap to control exposure for video or stills
• Photo and video geo tagging over Wi-Fi

Input and output

• 30-pin dock connector
• 3.5-mm stereo headphone minijack
• Built-in speaker
• Microphone

External buttons and controls

• Sleep/wake
• Volume up/down
• Home

Sensors

• Three-axis gyro
• Accelerometer
• Ambient light sensor

Battery and power

• Built-in rechargeable lithium-ion battery
• Playback time
  • Music playback time: Up to 40 hours when fully charged
  • Video playback time: Up to 7 hours when fully charged
  
• Charging times: Fast charge in about 2 hours (80% capacity), full charge in about 4 hours.

System requirements

• USB 2.0
• iTunes 10 or later⁶
• Mac: Mac OS X v10.5.8 or later
• PC: Windows 7, Windows Vista, or Windows XP Home or Professional (SP3) or later
• Broadband Internet access required; fees may apply.

Environmental requirements

• Operating temperature: 32° to 95° F
  (0° to 35° C)
• Nonoperating temperature: -4° to 113° F
  (-20° to 45° C)
• Relative humidity: 5% to 95% noncondensing
• Maximum operating altitude: 10,000 feet
  (3000 m)

8GB

• FaceTime
• Retina display
• HD video recording
• Game Center

$229.00

32GB

• FaceTime
• Retina display
• HD video recording
• Game Center

$299.00

64GB

• FaceTime
• Retina display
• HD video recording
• Game Center

$399.00