mahatma mandir ,gandhinagar

Click Here!!! Photo Gallery: Construction of Mahatma Mandir, Gandhinagar.

Photo Gallery: My Pics ( Youth Summit- 2010 New Delhi )

Click Here !!! Photo Gallery: My Pics ( Youth Summit- 2010 New Delhi )

Introduction of Operating System

Operating system has earned the reputation for being the most critical software in a computer system. Hence, only the most skilled and experienced programmers are allowed to design and modify a computer’s operating system.

Performance and functionality are keys to the usefulness of an operating system (OS). The OS’s performance sets the stage for the performance of all software on a computer. Perhaps one of the most important reasons for studying operating system is to learn how to extract the best performance from them. In addition, the OS provides a wide range of functions to assist in processing a program. A high performance OS that provides little functionality forces more work onto its application programs. As a programmer, you need to understand how to use the system’s functionality most effectively. Specifically, you must understand its design so that you will be able to exploit that design during the program execution.

File Handling (StreamReader and StreamWriter)

" Before the coding procedure, you have to place 2 buttons and 1 Richtextbox in the form. "

Public Class Form1

    Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click

        If (System.IO.File.Exists("F:\MyProgram.c")) Then

            Dim a As New System.IO.StreamReader("F:\MyProgram.c")
            Dim b As String

            If (RichTextBox1.Text = "") Then
                b = a.ReadLine()

                Do Until b Is Nothing
                    RichTextBox1.Text = RichTextBox1.Text + b
                    b = a.ReadLine()
                Loop
              
            End If
            a.Close()

        Else

            MsgBox("This file does not exist, Plz write in RTB")

        End If

    End Sub



    Private Sub Button2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click

        Dim c As New System.IO.StreamWriter("F:\MyProgram.c")
        Dim d As String

        c.WriteLine(RichTextBox1.Text)
        c.Close()

    End Sub

End Class

File Handling (Basic Program)

 

Public Class Form1

    Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click

        Dim i As New System.IO.StreamWriter("D:\first_file.doc")
        i.WriteLine("Hello World")
        i.WriteLine("My Name is Maulik")
        i.Close()


    End Sub
   
    Private Sub Button2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click

        Dim j As New System.IO.StreamWriter("D:\new.ppt")
        j.Write("Maulik A")
        j.WriteLine(" Dave")
        j.WriteLine("Roll No 009")
        j.Close()

    End Sub

    Private Sub Button3_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button3.Click

        Dim k As New System.IO.StreamReader("D:\new.ppt")
        MsgBox(k.ReadToEnd())


    End Sub

    Private Sub Button4_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button4.Click

        Dim l As New System.IO.StreamReader("D:\first_file.doc")


        Dim s As String = l.ReadLine()

        Do Until s Is Nothing
            ListBox1.Items.Add(s)
            s = l.ReadLine()
        Loop
        l.Close()

    End Sub
End Class

HTML Programs (Basic)

Basic Webpage 1:

 

Program 2: 

Program 3:

Program: 4

WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) Editors

1. ASP.NET Web Matrix
2. Adobe Dreamweaver
3. Amaya
4. BestAddress HTML Editor
5. CoffeeCup HTML Editor
6. FirstPage
7. Freeway
8. Hyper Publish
9. iWeb
10. KompoZer
11. Microsoft Expression Web
12. Microsoft SharePoint Designer
13. Microsoft Visual Studio
14. Microsoft Visual Web Developer Express
15. Microsoft Publisher
16. NetObjects Fusion
17. OpenBEXI
18. Opera Dragonfly
19. Quanta Plus
20. RapidWeaver
21. Sandvox
22. SeaMonkey Composer
23. SiteGrinder
24. tkWWW
25. WebPlus
26. WordPress
27. WorldWideWeb

List of Text Based Editors

System default

• E (E.EXE) (default under IBM OS/2 versions 2-4)
• gedit (default under GNOME)
• Kate (default under KDE)
• Leafpad (default under LXDE)
• Mousepad (default under Xfce)
• Notepad (default under Microsoft Windows)
• SimpleText (default under Classic Mac OS)
• TextEdit (default under Mac OS X)
• XEDIT (default under VM/CMS)

Free software

• Acme — A User Interface for Programmers by Rob Pike
• AkelPad - Еditor for plain text. It is designed to be a small and fast. Many plugins.
• Bluefish — Web development editor
• Caditor - Portable text editor with line numbering and syntax highlighting
• Crimson Editor
• Geany — fast and lightweight editor / IDE, uses GTK+
• gedit — a simple GNOME text editor, fairly equivalent to KEdit
• J - Text editor written in Java, part of the ArmedBear Common Lisp (ABCL) project
• jEdit — free cross-platform programmer's editor written in Java, GPL licensed
• JOVE — Jonathan's Own Version of Emacs
• JuffEd — lightweight text editor written in Qt4
• Kate — basic text editor for the KDE desktop
• Kedit — KDE editor roughly similar in sophistication to Windows Notepad, but with a spellchecker
• Kile — User friendly TeX/LaTeX editor
• KWrite — default editor on KDE, more sophisticated than KEdit
• Leafpad
• Leo — a text editor that features outlines with clones as its central tool of organization and navigation
• mcedit - text editor provided with Midnight Commander
• Metapad - Windows Notepad replacement, GPL licensed
• MicroEMACS
• NEdit — 'Nirvana Editor'
• Notepad++ — a tabbed text editor
• Notepad2
• Pe — a text editor for BeOS
• Programmer's Notepad
• RText
• Sam
• SciTE
• Scribes
• Smultron — a Mac OS X text editor
• TeXnicCenter
• The Hessling Editor
• UniRed — Windows text editor supporting many encodings
• X11 Xedit
• Yudit

Freeware

• Arachnophilia
• BBEdit Lite
• ConTEXT
• Eddie — A text editor originally made for BeOS and later ported to Linux and Mac OS X.
• GX Text
• Komodo Edit
• LEd — LaTeX Editor
• Notepad+
• NoteTab Light
• Programmer's File Editor (PFE)
• PSPad editor
• RJ TextEd
• q10 — Full screen text editor (Windows)
• TED Notepad
• TeXShop — TeX/LaTeX editor and previewer
• TextWrangler

Personal license (free for individuals)

• HTML Kit

Proprietary

• Alphatk
• BBEdit
• CodeWright
• GoldED (text editor of Cubic IDE)
• CygnusEd (CED)
• E Text Editor
• EditPlus
• EmEditor
• Epsilon
• GWD Text Editor
• Inlage LaTeX Editor
• Kedit text editor with commands and Rexx macros similar to IBM Xedit
• MED
• NoteTab
• PolyEdit
• skEdit (formerly called skHTML)
• SlickEdit
• Source Insight
• SubEthaEdit (formerly called Hydra)
• Tex-Edit Plus
• TextMate
• TextPad and Wildedit
• The SemWare Editor (TSE) (formerly called QEdit)
• TopStyle
• UltraEdit
• Ulysses
• VEDIT
• WinEdt

Internet & it's History

Internet is the largest network spread across the word linking together thousands of individuals networks of universities, educational and research institutions, military and government agencies, nonprofit organization, industrial and financial organization, and Internet Service Provider (ISP) that provides services to individual to access the network. Internet is world wide networks that use the TC/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol) network protocols for data transmission and exchange. In a nutshell, Internet is a network of networks. 

*TIP: Protocol is standard set of rules and regulations used to share resources and transmit the data between different computers.

Internet is not owned by anyone, but is governed by collective efforts of every organization whose network is connected with internet. Internet offers many services like WWW ( World Wide Web ), e-mail, discussion group, chat, file sharing, and e-commerce.

History of Internet 

Internet was originally developed in 1969 for the U.S. Department of Defense with the goal of developing network architecture for military command-and-control that could survive in nuclear war.

The research for Internet was founded from Advance Research Projects Agency (ARPA), which allowed researcher to experiment with different methods for computer to communicate with each other. As a result of this research, they had developed the network which was known as Advance Research Project Agency Network (ARPANET). ARPANET used packet-switched networks to transform information between different networks. ARPANET was preliminary used by researcher and scientist to communicate with each other. Many other countries began to join with ARPANET in early 1970s and within decade it was widely accessible by many researcher, administrators, and studdents all around the world. 

During the 1980s, networks like MILNET (Military Network), BITNET (Because It's Time Network), CSNET (Computer Science Network) and many more were developed to serve different communities and organizations.

In 1986, the National Science Foundation (NSF) developed network of different users of ARPANET which was known as National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET). NSFNET became the backbone of the Internet, replacing the original ARPANET. In 1990, NSFNET was sold to major telecommunication companies and due to that the Internet backbone had become completely commercial. Today's Internet is nothing but interconnection of all this network.      

Top Torrent Sites

1. YouTorrent.com This site looks very promising, and brings an elegance and functionality that you won't find on most other torrent search sites.
   
   
2. Demonoid.com Demonoid is a private community, and members are held liable for any leeching that their invited friends do in this community. If you are lucky enough to get a Demonoid membership, invite your friends carefully, lest you lose your own membership.
   
   
3. Meganova.org, which has been rebranded as "Seed Peer", is a site with many years of history in the torrent community. Unfortunately, the site seems to have been a target for malware being spread through older versions of Java language. Make sure you have Avira or antivirus software installed and running before you visit this or any torrent site.
   
   
4. Kick Ass Torrents.com This site is a new favorite with a growing community. The interface is a distinctive earth color, and the search results display in a useful format of columns, including torrent health. The best part of Kick Ass Torrents is their comment and feedback system... the user community watches the quality of torrents, and offers their recommendations and warnings. Kick Ass Torrents could become a very big player in the P2P world of 2010. Check these folks out, and let's see if they grow in user size.
   
   
5. VCDQ.com: VCDQ.com isn't technically a torrent search site; rather, VCDQ specializes in verifying torrents. VCDQ employs a committee of serious users to confirm that torrents do indeed exist for thousands of titles, especially brand new movie releases. Use VCDQ to confirm that a title is available, then copy the torrent name to paste into a search engine like Isohunt.com. Definitely give VCDQ.com a try; this is a great resource for avoiding fake torrent files.
   
   
6. TorrentZap: 
   
   
7. Torrent Root: as another metasearch engine, Torrent Root will scan through other search engines on your behalf, and display the results in a slick tabbed interface.
   
   
8. yourbittorrent.com This site is delightfully clean and fast. For high-volume downloaders, this site is a really slick choice.
   
   
9. CinemaTorrents: this site offers something really unique: IMDB ratings and vote information right on the search page. You can see public opinions on the movie itself before you download.
   
   
10. ExtraTorrent.com ExtraTorrent.com is very visual and very busy. But the thumbnails and file information at this site are tremendous. This site is definitely worth trying, as it is very browsing-friendly for discovering movies and music artists.
    
    
11. BiteNova (formerly known as "Bi-Torrents", BiteNova is a free Torrent site with a spartan look and fast searching format.)
    
    
12. Thunderbytes: As of March 2010, Thunderbytes is a private site that you'll need an invitation to join.
    
    
13. Plentyoftorrents: this is a kind of launchpad search engine that offers choices where you want to search. Multiple users have recommended Plentyoftorrents this summer; let us know what you think of this site.
    
    
14. Torrent Tree
    This search site is written in Ajax code language. Like any metasearch engine, Torrent Tree pulls its results from many other search engines. But Torrent Tree pulls *more* search results than any other current metasearcher. Definitely give this site a try.
    
    
15. Torrentbit.nl This Netherlands site offers a simple interface and large index of torrents. It also offers a broad selection of European language movies and music.
    
    
16. Blues Brothers: Blues Brothers is a private site with a strong community and file-sharing ethic. As a private site, you can expect the leeching (selfish) users to be reduced. The BB community also strives to police itself by carefully watching each member's upload ratio... if you abuse your ratio, you are blocked from downloading until you donate. This policy may seem a bit harsh, but members seem to really appreciate it.
    
    
17. Nowtorrents.com Now Torrents (allegedly) offers a special service: it filters out fake/dead torrents. It also offers date-range searching, so you can search for specific years of content (e.g. Flight of the Conchords, 2008).
    
    
18. Entertane: An obscure-but-good metasearch engine. Pore through 24 other torrent sites quickly by using Entertane.com. Just be patient when you click the name of each sub-search engine... it takes a few moments to load each result list.
    
    
19. Torrentz.com  
20. Bitsoup Bitsoup is a favorite with some P2P downloaders, but this summer 2010 has not been a warm time at the Bitsoup community. There are allegations of draconian forum moderation and heavy-handed administrators being abusive to members. If you try Bitsoup, let us know how they treat you there.

Linux Commands

$cat:  

              Syntax: cat > filename

• It is use to create a file
• It is display the contents of a file
• It is used to merge more than one file into new file. If new file already exists than it will overwritten otherwise it will be created.
• It is also used to merged more than one file and it will appened at ladt in a new file.
• It is use to append the data at the end of file.
• It is used to display the contents of a file with line number.
• It is used to create hidden files.                      

                    

                   Examples:

• cat >Maulik

                              It will create new file named Maulik like,

                     

                              cat > Maulik

                              Maulik Dave

                              Div A

                              Roll No 009

                              ^Z

• cat BPCCS

                              It will show all the content of the file.

• cat file1 file2 file3 >file4

                              It will merge all the data of file1, file2 and file3 and store in file4.

• cat file1 file2 file3 >>file4

                              It will append all the data of file1, file2 and file3 in file4.

• cat -n file1

                              It will show all the data with line number like,

                                           

                                                 1. Maulik Dave

                                                 2. Div A

                                                 3. Roll No 009

• cat >.Maulik

                              It will make new hidden file. 

Introduction to ADO.NET 1 of 3

What is an embedded syatem?

An embedded system can be defined as a computing device that does a specific focused job. Appliance such as the air-conditions, VCD players, DVD players, printers, fax machine, mobile phone etc. are examples of embedded systems. Each of these appliances will have a processor and special hardware to meet the specific requirement of the application along with the embedded software that is executed by the processor for meeting that specific requirement. The embedded software is also called “firmware”.

Embedded systems are characterized by some special feature listed below:

• Embedded system do very specific task, they cannot be programmed for different things. 

• Embedded systems have very limited resources, particularly the memory. Generally, they do not have secondary storage device such as the CDROM or the floppy disk.

• Embedded systems have to work against some deadlines. A specific job has to be completed within specific time. In some embedded system, called real-time systems, the deadlines are stringent. Missing deadline may cause a catastrophe-loss of life or damage to property.

• Embedded systems are constrained for power. As many embedded systems operate through battery, the power consumption has to be very low.

• Embedded systems need to be highly reliable. Once in a while, pressing ALT+CTR+DEL is OK but you cannot afford to reset your embedded system.

• Some embedded systems have to operate in extreme environmental condition such as very high temperature and humidity. 

• Embedded system that addresses the consumer market (for example, electronic toys) are very cost sensitive. Even a reduction of $0.1 is lot of cost saving, because thousands or millions system may be sold. 

• Unlike desktop computers in which the hardware platform is dominated by Intel and the operating system is dominated by Microsoft, there is wide verity of processor and operating systems for the embedded systems. So, choosing the right platform is the most complex task.   

Computer Network ( Basic Information )

                

                         " A computer network is a method for communication between  different computers. "

Computer Network is a group of computers which are connected with each other in order to share information and resources.

# information and resources like voice, sounds, graphics, pictures, videos, text or data.

There are many types of networks but they are broadly classifieds in three categories:  
  

• Local Area Network ( LAN )
• Metropolitan Area Network ( MAN )
• Wide Area Network ( WAN )

1. Local Area Network ( LAN )

                         Computer Network which is dedicated to share information and resources among several personal computers in a limited geographical area  known as  Local  Area  Networks (LAN).  We can find such network at home, school, computer laboratory, office building, or closely positioned group of buildings. Here we have some diagrams of LAN network to understand it easily. 

 

 

Image Courtesy: Wikipedia 

         2.   Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

            Computer Network that usually spread across a campus or a city ia known as Metropolitan Area Network. Man connecting a campus or a city mostly uses Wireless communication or Fiber optical connections. For example, a university has a MAN that joins together many of their affiliated college’s LANs located cities. Communication in MAN between different LANs is done using microwave, radio, or infra-red communication.

     

       3. Wide Area Network ( WAN )

 

           Wide Area Network (WAN) covers  a wide geographic area like state or country. Communication in a WAN is done by telephone line, satellites dishes, and radio waves to span a large geographic area.

SYLLABUS (BCA SEM IV)

• BCA 401  OS Internals and Programming

• BCA 402  Web Technologies I (HTML & PHP)

• BCA 403  Multimedia System                          

• BCA 404  Client Server Applications

• BCA 405  Computer Networks - I

• BCA 406  Unix (Practical)

• BCA 407  HTML & PHP (Practical)

• BCA 408  Flash (Practical)

• BCA 409  Project Work ( Client Server Applications  Or Computer Networks - I)

BCA 401 OS INTERNALS & PROGRAMMING

Part 1: OS INTERNAL (70 %)

·         Unit 1: Operating System’s Process and Process Synchronization

·         Unit 2: CPU Scheduling and Deadlocks

·         Unit 3: Memory, File and Management

             Part 2:  PROGRAMMING (30%) 

·         Unit 4: Understandings the commands

·         Unit 5: Shell and Scripting

Text Books:

1.      Operating System Concepts by Silberschatz & Galvin, Addition Wesley

2.      The Complete Reference – UNIX by Kenneth Rosen, Douglas Host, Rachel Kleo

Reference Books:

1.      Modern Operating System by Andrew S. Tanennbaum

2.      Operating System by Willium Stallings

3.      UNIX concepts and Applications by Sumitaben Das, TMH

4.      UNIX Shell Programming – Yashwant Kanitkar

BCA 402 WEB TECHNOLOGY – I ( HTML & PHP )

Part 1: HTML ( Hypertext Markup Language )

·         Unit 1: Introduction to HTML & Tags

·         Unit 2: Advance HTML

Part 2: PHP ( PHP Hyper Processor )

·         Unit 3: Introduction to PHP

·         Unit 4: Object Oriented Programming

·         Unit 5: Data access and Error Handling

Text Books and Reference Books:

1.      PHP, MySQL, and Apache – Julie C. Meloni

2.      Introduction to Internet and HTML Scripting – Bhumik Shroff

3.      Web Technologies and Design – C Xevier

BCA 403 MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS

·         Unit 1: Introduction

·         Unit 2: Multimedia Text

·         Unit 3: Multimedia Image/ Animation

·         Unit 4: Multimedia Audio/ Video

Text Book:

1.      Multimedia Making It Works – Tay Vaughan

Reference Book:

1.      Multimedia Magic – S. Gokul

BCA 404 CLIENT SERVER APPLICATIONS

·         Unit 1: Introduction to Front end- Back end technology through file management

·         Unit 2: Overview of ADO.NET

·         Unit 3: Interaction with Windows Application by ADO.NET

·         Unit 4: Data mining through Query

·         Unit 5: Introduction of Web Environment (ASP.NET -I)

·         Unit 6: Authentication & Web Interaction of front end – Back end (ASP.NET- II)

Text Books:

1.      Mastering in VB.NET by Evangelos Petroutsos

2.      Black Book ASP.NET

Reference Books:

1.      Black Book VB.NET

2.      Beginners of ASP.NET 2.0

3.      An Introduction programming using VB.NET (EEE- by David I. Schneider)

4.      Successful Projects in VB.NET ( BPB – Christopher)

            

BCA 405 COMPUTER NETWORKS – I

·         Unit 1: Network Fundamentals

·         Unit 2: Networking Models

·         Unit 3: Data & Signals

·         Unit 4: Transmission Media

·         Unit 5: The OSI layers and its services

·         Unit 6: Connecting LAN's and Wireless LAN's

·         Unit 7: Network Security

·         Unit 8: Major network operating system

Text Book:

1.      Network + Study Guide by David Grath

Reference Books;

1.      Computer Networks by Andrew S. Tanenbaum

2.      Data Communication and networking by Behrouz A. Forouzan